Great Bosnian mystics

In stories about mystics from the past of Bosnia and Herzegovina, stories about saints (evlija) are especially interesting, the people regarded the stories to be dedicated to people and they made up legends about their powers.  Allegedly, they possessed the ability of astral travel through time, as well as the ability to dematerialise.

When we talk about this, the most interesting characters are yellow Hafiz and Muslihudin Čakrkčija.

If a man would find himself in captivity or exile, saints would help them with their mystical powers to go back to their country. According to legends, yellow Hafiz would suddenly appear at the place where the certain person dwelt and would simply ask of the person to stand on his feet and close his eyes. When he would be allowed to look again, he would see that he is home.

Čakrčija demonstrated his abilities in a similar fashion, but his goal wasn't returning imprisoned or lost persons, but something completely different.

Namely, he wouldn't go to the mosque during the afternoon prayer, instead he receded in his chambers and he would lock himself away. When he would be asked for the reason, he explained that he would transfer himself to Mecca with his powers and he would pray there.

Parts of the legend which speak of their powers of clairvoyance and divination are also interesting. By the way, in the texts which speak of saints, little is written about the kind of attitude the religious followers had, when it came to the saints and their activities, i.e. when the starting point are the principles of Islamic religion.

A certain Ibrahim Bistrigija, from the dervish ranks, is one of those which were known by their prophetic gift. Among other things, he predicted his death. He was once invited to a feast, he promised that he will come but that he will not eat. And so it was. Namely, his dead body was brought before the emperors mosque in Sarajevo, where the guests of the feast had to move because of the rain.

In the records the book called Ilmidžifl is often mentioned, with whose help one can predict, down to a minute, someone's death.

The familiar yellow Hafiz, also, possessed a prophetic gift. There is an interesting event, which somehow represents an anecdote, during which this ability manifested. Once a few jokesters called him to perform a funeral prayer. But, instead of a deceased, they planted a live man. Hafiz tried to reject the call since he knew no good would come out of it. But, he didn't succeed in turning it down. Considering that the Hafiz prayer, like the saints, had special power, the man that they planted in the grave actually died during the prayer.

A similar story exists about a certain Mustafa Ejubović, known as sheikh Jujo. This man was known in Mostar of that time as someone who precisely predicts future events. One day, a wanton young men which didn't believe that sheikh Jujo possesses supernatural abilities, conspired to test him and ridicule him. They invited him to perform a funeral prayer. One of the men laid down in the coffin. Once they lined up to perform the prayer, sheikh Jujo turned around and coldly asked: "Are we saying this prayer for an alive or a dead man?" The men looked at each other confused, but one of them spoke up: "to a dead man".

When the prayer was finished they all moved towards the coffin. The young men were ready to laugh and ridicule sheikh Jujo, but the scene they saw caused everything but laughter. Their friend still laid in the coffin, but this time, dead.

Decades after the death of Mustafa Ejubović, his grave was visited by people which truly believed in mystic powers of that place.

Prophecies of Hasan Kaimija and Gajgus are also interesting. The former predicted a large accident that will strike Sarajevo. Because of unruly behaviour, Kaimija was expelled from the city according to the evaluation of the authorities of that time. Therefore the prophecy could be interpreted as a kind of anger. However, it really happened. In the years that followed, Sarajevo experienced a few different disasters which brought great human and material damage.

Serbs and Turks are one and the same people

After the battle at Kosovo 1389, when the Ottomans completely defeated the Serbian army, which lead to a catastrophic reduction of the male population, something took place which forever changed that people in its entirety. According to claims of historians in the entire Serbia there were only 200 thousand men left. Defeated and destroyed, Serbs became a part of the grand Ottoman empire and so suffered the worst fate of a looser. After the victory the Ottomans ruled over Serbia and in the long history of 500 years in entirety they changed the demographic image of the country. Namely, Turkish soldiers married Serbian women and girls or even raped them which resulted in every other child in Serbia, having a Turk as a father. That's why there is not one family in Serbia which doesn't have Turkish genes in their heritage. All of this unquestionably reflected in the physical appearance of the Serbian people which is very similar to the Turkish people which is especially evident in the facial features, namely, a larger part of the population has dark hair and eyes, just like the Turks. Because of this historical but also genetic connectedness, everything that was Turkish  became an inseparable part of the Serbian identity from the Turkish cuisine, language, music and even mentality.  

 

Today when you compare Serbs and Turks, besides physical similarity, you will notice some important links: both people are extremely nationalistically driven, both people strive for creating Grand Turkey i.e. Grand Serbia, both people do not accept minorities, both people committed genocide which they deny - over Armenians and Bosniaks, both people are trying to assimilate other people around them, both people pretend to be great religious people, both people claim other's cultural heritage as their own, etc. There are too many similarities in order to conclude something else instead of that they are brothers i.e. same people.

 

Bosniaks - one of the best genetically preserved people in Europe

 

Luckily, Bosniaks didn't have the same fate under the Ottoman rule since by converting to Islam they were spared all of the negative events which struck the Serbian people. Today, out of historical but also genetic research we know that Bosniaks are one of the rare European people which can brag with a large percentage of racial purity. This was noticed long time ago by Karl Steiner, doctor in Ljubinja, which in his work "Bosnian folk medicine" writes the following: "Bodily the tall man from Bosnia and Herzegovina represents undoubtedly the most beautiful type of South Slavic-Illyrian racial mixture. He is taller from his neighbours in Dalmatia, Croatia and Slavonia, his chest are powerfully kept, musculature firm and hinged; smooth or weak curly, brown or dark hair and black eyes we see among the members of all three religions, but as often brothers are similar but yet different, similarly our Muslims, Orthodox and Christians show certain characteristics, which through centuries came about due to mixture in breeding. For example among the Christians and Muslims the iris of the eyes is mostly light, often blue or yellowish, while eyes among the Orthodox are usually darker, often black. Among the Muslim and Catholic children one can often see light blue hair, soft, skin white as milk, generally typical Aryan type, but the hair and skin colour will darken bit by bit, while these characteristic among the Orthodox are rare."

 

Unlike the extremely large genetic mixture between Serbs and Ottomans in Serbia, in Bosnia and Herzegovina there is a completely different situation about which Ćiro Truhelka, archaeologist and historian, wrote the following in his anthropological study:

 

"Endogamy was among the Bosniaks (Muslims in Bosnia) so strict, that in my time I knew a dozen Bey families, which intermarried and they wouldn't allow in their harem women which were out of this circle, though they were from the best homes. Because of the mentioned reasons mixed marriages between the Ottoman and Bosnian Muslims were extremely rare and without evident effect on shaping the race."

Endogamy and with it harem enclosure were the most successful measure of protection of racial element in Bosnia, and I believe that I can say, that rare ethnic groups in Europe managed to preserve their identity like the Bosniaks in Bosnia. The merit goes to harem exclusivity, which in this case preserved racial characteristics of the forefathers. Similarly it is familiar that  there was antagonism between the Bosnian Muslims and Ottomans and that the Bosniaks dreaded from marrying their daughters to so called Turkuše (superlative of Turk), that antagonism often gained a dangerous political form, and was the cause of revolts.      

Die Bohnenlegung

Wahrsagung mit Hilfe von 41 weißen Bohnen wird in Bosnien und Herzegowina bacanje graha, falanje u grah oder ogledanje u grah genannt. Jemand der sich mit der Wahrsagerei beschäftigt wird faladžinica für eine Frau genannt, bzw. wen es sich um einen Wahrsager handelt, beläuft sich der Name auf faladžija. Das Wort falanje stammt aus dem persischen Wort fal und bedeutet Vermutungen oder Hinweis.

Wahrsagung mit Hilfe der Bohnen (favomancija) ist ein Teil der Tradition dieses Landes. Es wird angenommen das die Abstammung zurück auf die Ilyren folgt die Anstelle von Bohnen damals Knochen von Vögeln auf den besetzten Boden warfen um das Schicksal zu bestimmen. Es ist interessant festzustellen, dass noch in Bosnien es Menschen gibt die Bohnen werfen allerdings das Schicksal nach der Position der Bohnen lesen.

In der bosnischen Tradition der Weissagung von Bohnen wird der Fatima zugeordnet, der Tochter des Propheten Mohammed die sich mit dieser Fähigkeit heimlich interessiert und beschäftigt hat. Aber bei einer Gelegenheit, trat Mohammed unerwartet in ihr Zimmer, gerade in einem Moment wo Sie das Schicksal ihrer Freundin vorhergesagt hat. Vor großer Überraschungen hatte Fatima nur eine Hälfte der Bohnen unter ihrem Kleid verstecken können, während die andere Hälfte blieb. Wie es Mohammed sah, sagte er ihr: "Möge es dir halbe Wahrheit und halb falsch sein". Seit dieser Zeit glaubte man, dass es in einer Hälfte die Wahrheit ist und in der anderen Hälfte Lüge.


Dazu benötigt man als erstes 41 weiße Bohnen und ein rotes Stofftuch. Es wird angenommen, dass aus der Zeit der Illyrer die rote Farbe vor bösen Blicken schützt, bringt Glück und Gesundheit. Deshalb werden die Bohnen auf diesem roten Tuch gelegt um der Person das Schicksal vorherzusehen und Sie vor dem schlechten Schicksal zu schützen.

Eine Person die Weissagung übt, nimmt die Bohnen in die rechte Hand über denen, und wird dreimal ein Gebet aus dem Koran wiederholen. Meist ist es Al Fatiha, dessen Gebet eine Hingabe (Geschenk) für die Seele von Fatima ist. Auf diese Weise kommt die Hilfe bei der Vorhersage und deshalb gilt Sie als Patronin der Wahrsagerei. Die Bohnen werden dann auf die Oberfläche des Tisches abgesenkt und der rechte Arm wurde dreimal im Uhrzeigersinn gemischt und zugleich wird die Frage gestellt.

Der Wahrsager wird nach dem Zufallsprinzip 3 kleinere Stapel von Bohnen bilden, gleiche Größe. Aus jedem Stapel werden 4 Bohnen entnommen bis zum Ende es dann 4, 3, 2 oder 1 Bohnen bleibt die vor sich gelekt wird. Das gleiche wird mit dem zweiten und dritten Stapel wiederholt.

Auf diese Weise wird die erste Zeile gebildet, die aus 5 oder 9 Körnern bestehen kann (221, 122, 212, 131 oder 333, 324, 243, 441).

Wenn die erste Zeile gebildet wird, werden die restlichen Körner zusammen auf einem Stapel geführt von denen wieder 3 kleineren Stapeln gebildet. Aus denen werden 4 entnommen und die zweite Reihe entsteht Das gleiche Verfahren wird für die Bildung der dritten Ordnung wiederholt. Es muss erwähnt werden das von der ersten bis zweiten und dritten Reihe nur 4, 8 oder 12 Körner rauskommen kann (112, 121, 242, 233, 413, 444).

Der Rest von Körnen wird unter der dritten Reihe gelegt, aber die separat 4 Körner Gruppen bilden. Diese nennt man hatma. Die Wahrsagung beginnt mit der Zählung der hatma um herauszufinden wie viele es sind, weil jeder seine eigene Bedeutung hat. Zum Beispiel:

122
233
431
44444

Hier im Beispiel haben wir 6 hatma (4)

234
413
242
4444

Hier im Beispiel haben wir 7 hatma


Bedeutung des Stapels von 4 Körnern (hatma):

5 hatma: Glück, kommende Nachrichten, Aktion
6 hatma: für eine Frau, Trauer und Schmerz
7 hatma: ein Zeichen des Fortschritts und Förderung
8 hatma: für Männer Trauer und Schmerz
9 hatma: Glück, Erfüllung, großes Glück. Wen aber neun vierer kommen, dann wird die Wahrsagung unterbrochen.

Das beschriebene Verfahren zur Bildung von drei Reihen wird dreimal für die Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft durchgeführt. Auf diese Weise wird ein detailliertes Bild von dem Schicksal der Person wahrgesagt. Die Zahl für die Vorhersage besteht aus drei Reihen:

Erste Reihe symbolisiert der Kopf das Denken, die Gedanken, Hoffnungen und Erwartungen.

Zweite Reihe symbolisiert das Herz und stellt die Gefühle, das Potenzial und die Lust.

Dritte Reihe symbolisiert die Tür und präsentiert das Ereignis, An- und Abreise.

Vertikale auf der linken Seite ist eine Frau, die Mitte das Haus und rechts der Mann.

Beispiel:
212
341
112

Für den Fall, dass das Schicksal der Frau prophezeit wird, dann wird es von links nach rechts interpretiert bzw. die Zahlen 212, 341, 112. Ist der Kunde ein Mann dann deuten die Zahlen von rechts nach links 212, 143, 211.
Durch die Analyse der Bohnen kann der Wahrsager viele wichtigen Informationen bekannt geben. Ob der Kunde unter dem Einfluss der schwarzen Magie steckt, ob er heiratet, bekommen er einen neuen Job, reisen er, wird krank bis zu einer Beschreibung einer dritten Person, und so weiter.

Über die Wahrsagerei über Bohnen gibt es viele Überzeugungen in Bosnien wie folgt:

Es wird schlecht empfunden wen die Wahrsagung nicht bezahlt wird, weil sonst es nicht passiert, nicht in Erfüllung geht.
Wer die Bohnen essen tut, wird nicht viel Erfolgt in dieser Art von Wahrsagerei haben.
Die zur Weissagung benutzten Bohnen dürfen nicht gekocht und gegessen werden, weil sonst es zu Streit im Haus kommt.

Divination using an eyelash

In Bosnia there is an interesting divination among the Bosnian with the help of an eyelash. When someone notices that someone has lost an eyelash, he picks it up using his thumb and index finger and says to that person: "make a wish!" Then both of them make a wish, each their own, and then both of them blow three times into the connected fingers which are holding the eyelash. Then they choose fingers, i.e. one says that his is the index finger and the other the thumb. The person that held the eyelash separates the fingers and looks on which finger did the eyelash stay glued. Finger which has the eyelash forecasts that the wish will come true to the person who chose that specific finger. To make sure that it will be so, the eyelash is placed on the chest, underneath the clothes, and is brought with them in order not to lose it.

Soul and death in Bosnian tradition

Death which represents the end of life, is probably the main "culprit" why the belief in supernatural appeared among the human civilizations. Inexplicable fear from that strange condition and generally panic from disappearing  caused among the people on the entire globe frustrations and eternal questions from the earliest times - why are we born and why do we die? Though we don't know the answer to this question even today, yet we as a civilization tried to fill the world with things in order to introduce some order and thereby give a certain sense to everything we do.
This is why humans invent religion, its unrestrained imagination creates a large number of imaginary beings which surround him, and despite numerous human characteristics, still they have some exaltation which separates them from the world of humans. Throughout centuries religion experiences its constant trend, upgrades, adjusts to human advancement and finally in ancient Iran it receives its present nature through dualism of Persians Manesa and the prophet Zarathustra, on whose principles monotheism is born - direction which tries to convince us in the absurd i.e. how it is possible that in the universe there are two principles - good and evil, but that only one principle is important and the second one is less important?!
Because of such an erroneous religious idea in Bosnia and Herzegovina around the tenth century, and probably even sooner, a revolutionary religious direction started to spread fast which seriously impairs the rigid Christian doctrine, it propagates that through the world, but also the universe, two equally important deities rule between which exists man and his primary spiritual mission to clean his soul from sins, and after death to return it to heaven. Such a claim is pretty rational, if we take into consideration the definition that according to the principles of quant physics all matter is actually condensed energy and that this is the reason why all of us are beings of energy or beings of light, what leads us into traditional belied in the spirit and soul, which every human possesses.
But, in order to die we must be born, feel life for at least a moment, in order for our spirit and soul to achieve a balance, since without this alignment with two universal principles, or with two deities of our forefathers Bogomils, we cannot enter the adventure called death. Folk wisdom claims that the spirit is the representative of the god of evil and the soul, pure and holly, it represents the god of good inside of us. While the spirit has the possibility to, usually at night while the man is sleeping, go out of the body and travel the world and also perform some weird, often bad things and bring us into various temptations, the soul is firmly fixed for the human body and there is no possibility of exiting it until death.

Spirit

Spirit and soul as two abstract terms are actually a basic framework of the entire spiritual thread which spans through the human race since its beginning. In Bosnian mythological beliefs it is an extremely dominant idea of similar, almost identical, representation of a few supernatural aspects of man himself. Namely, when we analyse some segments of traditional representations about the human spirit and soul, which are often not differentiated in folk tales which causes confusion, wild nature is clearly evident which according to mythological notion represents the essence of every man. While in classic European mythology the spirit, but also the soul, is represented by a see-through white silhouette, which in a human form hover through the air or suddenly appear and disappear, in Bosnian representation the spirit mostly resembles an energy ball whose shape has an astonishing similarity with a mouse. Certain mythological tradition describe the appearance of the soul as "fruit of the apple tree" i.e. such a description actually associates us with a light ball which exits a hole (mouth) and moves with fast steps towards the surface, emitting sounds similar to a mouse squeak. With such a comparison one receives an impression that the energy is restless and nervous, i.e. unrestrained, which it proves by exiting the human body.
A mouse was not chosen accidentally for the totem animal since it is used for the description of other supernatural events, closely tied to humans themselves. Some of the examples are as follows:
- Mouse in the folk tale about Noah's ark is an extremely negative character who wanted to let water in by trying to create a hole in the ark, and destroy the entire world. He would probably succeed if he wasn't prevented by the snake. Actually, the mouse is the incarnation of evil, a demon which wants to destroy mankind.
- snijet, which in mythology in Bosnia and Herzegovina is considered to be a dragon seed after intercourse with a woman, it is described as a small hairy creature, which resembles a mole or mouse, which runs and squeaks, even climbing walls in fear of a human hand touching it, or even worse, getting killed by a broom from one of the present women.
- in exotic séances of Bosnian dervishes and Imam's, in the ritual known as "skupljanje daire", the final sign of a successful performance, usually curing a mentally ill person, is the hanged or dead mouse on a nearby bridge. This is a signal that the Jinn use to show that the Jinn attacker has been punished by the severest punishment.

Ubiquitous Bogomil tradition

The human spirit is very restless. When a man is sleeping the spirit exits the body and walks away. The man dreams where the spirit goes, and when it returns into the body, the sudden energy surge wakes the man up. The spirit in Bosnian mythology is described as an etheric apparition which squeals. As for the soul, so as for the human spirit a bridge represents a very strong barrier and prevents it from further movement, namely, as soon as the spirit comes across a bridge during his nightly travels, he cannot cross it, it gets restless starts squealing and screaming. If someone would catch that mouse, the sleeper whose spirit is represented by the mouse would die immediately.
In Bosnian mythological representation a bridge is a notion of a place with high energy, which besides connecting two shores in the material level, on the spiritual it has the meaning of a spiritual portal through which the soul passes or perishes on its journey.
According to belief from south-eastern part of Bosnia a child's spirit is especially restless, like the child itself, it is restless and always in the mood for movement and games. Aware of this older women still today warn young mothers when moving a sleeping child from one place to another or if waking it to do it carefully, calling him by his name and pulling it lightly by the nose. If the child is a heavy sleeper they would imitate the sound of a mouse (cccc) in order to draw attention to the wandering spirit, this would force him back into the body. Otherwise, if the child would awake and the spirit hasn't returned, they would risk the child would fall ill mentally and physically.
Also for an adult the same rule applies, it should not awake suddenly, since its spirit is far away, traveling across the world. Apparently such a person could physically attack, start kicking the person that is awaking him at such an unpleasant moment. In that case it is necessary for such a person to be taken to the place where he is sleeping, for it to lie there again, and stay there until it awakes. If this is not done, the person could have some mental issues all its life.



As it is narrated among the Bosnian folk, according to the Bogomil principles, the human spirit belongs to the god of evil and the soul to the god of good. This is why it is believed that witches and wizards have to sell their souls to Iblis or some other ranked Jinn, in order to engage in magical practice and rule the unseen forces. They perform this with a ritual, usually by bringing the holly book Qur'an inside the bathroom and urinating or defecating on it. This is why the soul was purposefully exchanged for a certain power, the soul is trapped and no longer belongs to the human.
After such a situation and the disturbance of the equilibrium of good and evil, the human spirit in the body of the witch or wizard becomes extremely powerful but also evil and is capable of making various evil deeds. While the witch is sleeping, the spirit exits her, and the body gets a blue hue and becomes cold, almost as if she died, which is the consequence of a trapped soul. Her mouth gaps open and become black.
It is considered that a spirit of a common man is capable of doing bad things during its nightly travels, such as attacking someone along the way, but this spirit like the witches spirit avoids crossing over all bridges which it encounters.
Similar belief exits in Iranian - Arabic occultism where it is claimed that every human possesses its astral doppelganger. Haamzad or Qarin is the name for the Jinn which follows the man at all times and tries to influence negatively his conscious and his behaviour. Qarin is the only Jinn which cannot be destroyed with exorcism or in any other way.

Soul tied to Halal

Soul is the holder of human destiny. In BiH it is believed that Allah in the first 40 days of inception in the mother's womb determines what the destiny and life of the child i.e. future man, shall be. This is why it is considered that only when the soul enters the embryo it can develop into a fetus and begin its formation.

When a man is terminally ill his family and neighbours come to say goodbye - halale (forgive), in order to ease his death throes. Forgiveness is a very important segment of Islamic tradition, which shows mercy but also ensures an easier passing of the soul from the body. Namely, it is believed that the diseased dies in great pain and agony if someone who he has hurt won't forgive him. His parents, if alive, need to say their indulgences and by that comfort the diseased in his last moments.

How necessary halal is for the tranquillity of the soul is best described by a folk song. Sister in law while dying curses the bride Alibegovic. Time came for the bride to die, but she cannot separate from her soul which is why she asked to be carried to the tomb of her sister in law:




When they were close to the tomb,

From the tomb a small voice came:

Don't bring hither the cursed,

Until she has suffered enough!



They took her to the mountains, the mountains  didn't want to take her, they took her to the water, the water threw her out. They brought her again to the sister in law. As soon as she forgave her, she immediately separated from the soul. How important halal (forgiveness) for the Bosnian people is, is testified by the custom that the person wronged by another says: "I shall die but I will not halaliti (forgive)!"



Bosnian people believe that the one who dies in the eve of Friday or during Eid is freed of all his sins, since then, it is believed, only the noble people die. Harbingers of death are numerous. In Velika Kladuša it is believed that when an old man starts to be dirty, no longer takes care of personal hygiene, or his favourite drink or food o longer tastes good that death is close by. Similarly, people give a lot of meaning to interpretation of dreams since through them one can foretell someone's imminent death. In dreams taking out a tooth and feeling pain, is a sign of death in the house, if the pain is not felt death will take place to other relatives. It is not considered favourable to plough or dig in dreams, and generally overturn earth, or see that the ground has cracked, at some location, since it foretells death in the family. Similar meaning is represented by a sunken foundation of the house or fallen beams from the roof. Such dreams are often disregarded or not shared for fear of them coming true. Usually as a counter measure it is said: "Dream is a lie and god is the truth" or, even, "Hey, let it be, thank Allah!"

Azrail

According to traditional belief the soul and body during a human's lifetime create a whole. If the soul leaves the body forever - death occurs. The body will decompose over time and disappear, it is believed that the soul is eternal and immortal. The soul cannot disappear, but over time it changes its habitat and goes to an unknown world which is called Ahiret or another world.

The soul doesn't leave the body on its own, Azrail intervenes, who in Bosnian mythology described as a skinny man with long arms and wings. Instead of nails he has claws, like a bird, which he uses to rip the soul or take it out of the body.
General belief is that the soul leaves the body slowly, since it is wrapped around every joint 99 times, it exits through the nose and mouth. Only with a man who has been hanged the soul does not exit in this manner, instead it exits through the rectum and this is why it gets dirty which makes it difficult for it to go to the next world.

The soul leaves the body from the legs towards the head. This belief has a rational interpretation since the feet and hands go blue to the deceased. On its way from the body the soul can be disturbed and confused if there is a noise and weeping inside the house that's why a general rule is that there should be peace and quiet around the deceased. Otherwise the dying shall die painfully and for a long time. It is believed that sinful people die with difficulty and suffer mightily before death. To ease the final moments the person is descended from the bed onto the ground, on a strewn carpet, while his shoes and socks should be taken off so he doesn't die with his socks on, in that case he would lose his religion. Rings are mandatorily taken off from a female in order to ease the passing of the soul.
When Azrail rips the soul from the human he carries it to the seventh heavenly floor and gives it to Allah, where it stays until judgement day. According to another belief, angel Azrail takes the soul from the body and there his job end. Separated from the soul, the soul stays there, close, for a certain period. It can follow what is going on with its body, but without any emotions since exiting the body it became free of any feelings, in the house, on the way to the cemetery and in the grave itself.

Are you a Muslim?

When a girl or boy would die one would place a stalk of nacre (ruta graveolens) above their heads. According to the custom one places an herb of a distinct smell next to the deceased in order to chase the Jinn away. One would usually use nacre, whose bouquets often adorned the grave of a girl or a boy. Nacre is according to this an herb dedicated to the cult of the dead in Bosnian tradition.

As soon as a person would die one would make "dead man's paste" and would distribute it across the neighbourhood. Necessity to follow his departure into the other world with good deeds, in order to ease it, was pronounced before and during the funeral. That's why next to the head of the deceased one would place a bowl of flour, or wheat, with a few tallow candles stuck inside of it. On the next day the candles and the flour were given to the poor.

According to folk knowledge, the deceased should be buried as soon as possible. Depending on the case the funeral should be done the same day, and if death occurred at midnight or during the evening - then the next day. If the person died suddenly in his bed, and he wasn't lowered to the floor prior to that, to die there, then it is done once he has died. His head is tied with a bandana and his eyelids are squeezed, so he can have a nice face. The deceased is placed so that his body is straight, it used to be a habit to tie the thumbs on the legs in order for the body to keep that position, while a heavy object was placed on the stomach, such as a knife, or a piece of earth, out of fear that the dead body wouldn't bloat, since that was explained as him "prikazati" i.e. - becoming  a lampir. This is the reason why the house cat was locked away until the funeral has passed, out of fear that the cat will cross the deceased' body.

Deceased is covered with a white sheet and positioned so that his right cheek is turned in the direction of the holly city Mecca. One of the inhabitants, using a straight stick, takes a measure of the deceased, which is called "unčija" or "ulčija" in order to know the length of ćefin, the cloth of the dead, and digging of the grave. When the deceased is taken from the house, to the outside then care is taken that a part of him doesn't get stuck by a door or wall, since if that happens, it is believed, that his spirit will come back to the house and will disturb the inhabitants.

Bosnian folk believe that the soul can return home up to 40 days after the funeral. That's why lights or candles were turned on in the room where he lie, for the entire period, among the more affluent families, while the poor families would practice this ritual for seven or three nights. Place where the deceased was bathed was passed with fire, so that the Jinn and devils don't gather, and the room in which he lie was sprayed with water or was washed "so that the soul doesn't return". If the room was swept after the body was taken out, then the broom would be thrown far from the house.

After the body of the deceased is washed and all present men and women forgive him, halaliti, the body is taken to the grave where it is buried with a prayer. It is believed that when the Imam leaves the graveyard, since he has uttered all the necessary verses and prayers, the soul stays in the community of the dead. An interesting belief is that during the Imam's question of the deceased: "Are you a Muslim?" - the deceased in the grave lifts his entire body on the small finger of his right hand and answers readily: "I am a Muslim!" He does so that he is received by the dead. It is evident that the soul, according to belief, can resurrect the body so that it can lift itself up.

Bridge for souls (Sirat ćuprija)

Such belief confirms the belief that when the deceased is buried he is visited in the grave by angels, judges, Azrail and Džibrail. They question the deceased about his good deeds and sins, and if he is sinful they hit him and bury him into the ground. Folk claim that they can bury him up to 77 meters into the ground. In some parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina it is believed that the worst case scenario for the deceased is to be buried in the eve of Tuesday and Saturday, since then he will be visited by scary Jinn called suhaladžije, which beat the deceased until they break and shatter all his bones.


Road from this earthly world leads to heaven across a bridge called sirat bridge, which is according to belief "thinner than a hair, sharper than a sword, longer than thousand kilometres". Underneath the bridge is a scary chasm - hell. There a large and powerful hell fire for which it is claimed among the Bosnian people that it is so hot and strong that no earthly fire can compare to it "since our fire is washed by 99 waters". Apparently, when out of "spite" only one spark from hell fire would jump out the entire world would burn. That fire heats up a cauldron which contains a black mass "tar like", which is boiling and when sinners fal in it they are turning like bean beads in a boiling pot.


The soul of the deceased slowly crosses the bridge (thousand kilometres). That road could be cut shorter and the road could be crossed sooner if for Eid he would sacrifice his best, most healthy ram. The soul of the ram - kurban, will carry him across the bridge "like a horse", it is believed.

Depending on the region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Sandžak, the people have their beliefs on the movement of the soul. One part of the belief claims that the soul of the deceased leaves the earth after seven days, graveyards and the house and across the siratbridge carrying the good and bad deeds tries to reach the blissful, eternal life. It is believed that the man, while crossing the sirat bridge, carries the good deeds in his right hand or right shoulder, and the bad deeds on his left shoulder or left hand which he is hiding behind his back, that's why he is walking sideways so that the judge (Allah) has a harder time seeing the sins.
Similarly, it is believed that the head needs to be raised high, and eyes looking at the sky. So that the soul doesn't see where it is walking when crossing the bridge. Out of many other beliefs a very interesting one is that if the deceased had sexual intercourse with someone else's wife during his lifetime, her menstrual blood will drip into his mouth and he will fall into hell. A similar punishment will be given to the one who has denounced a woman, broke up a wedding or killed someone.

Love - road towards heaven

Among the Bosnian people, especially in the south-western part of BiH, there is a custom that every family have their own graves, which are usually placed in the vicinity of the house. There is documented proof that there was a custom of burying the dead in the woods, yards or underneath bushes. In old graves one could usually see, especially around Sarajevo, a planted tree above the grave, so that often, the graveyard resembled a forest. This practice was familiar in the entire country. Reason for this was the desire to ensure good deeds to the dead, namely, if one would plant a cherry tree the fruit would be eaten by birds so called "bird's alms", which should ease the soul of the dead. But, there is probably a deeper tradition behind this practice, Illyrian one, dedicated to the cult of the deity of nature and fertility, Tana and Vidasus, therefore the act of planting a tree next to the deceased would have the role of gift for the ancient gods, such as, for example, the practice of leaving gifts at the spring to god Bindu with the goal of seeking amelioration.
For people who spread hatred and quarrels it is said that they are the "firewood of hell", they're used to light a fire on which souls such as theirs will burn. The notion, that the largest sin which dooms someone to hell is if someone separates two people which love one another (i.e. husband and wife), was created based on the belief above. That sin is characterised among the people to be so large that it cannot be annulled even if the man builds nine mosques with his money and his own hands. Again, it is believed, Allah will not forgive his sin.

Recount of a touching folk song:

Hazrat Fatima was walking,
Across heaven and hell,
She opened the doors of heaven,
She didn't see her  dear mother,
She opened the doors of hell.
-"what are you doing there, mother dearest?"
-ask me not my dear daughter,
I committed a great sin,
I broke off a reel of a graft,
I muddied clear water;
I started a quarrel between a boy and a girl,
Allah would've forgave me everything,
Only not those two."


How much love is considered to be the most noble and to Allah the most dearest occurrence, with which an individual can gain many deeds and open the doors of heaven for himself, is evidenced by the belief which claims that the person who introduces two people, which fall in love and get married, earned so much good deeds with God that he is free of the obligation to pray and go to the mosque his entire life.

Hell

While crossing the Sirat bridge it is determined if the soul will receive punishment or reward. Out of the great weight of sins the unlucky will soon fall off the bridge into boiling tar. Souls which are good and noble, and with that have many good deeds, will easily cross the bridge and reach heaven. However, this belief is not the only among the Bosnian folk, we also come across different beliefs. As people claim the soul of the dead rests in the grave or on the seventh floor of the heavens, until judgement day. On that day everything will be levelled, hills and meadows will disappear and everything will be destroyed. The honourable Qur'an mentions this in the Surat Ez-Zilaz (Earthquake):

When the earth is shaken with its [final] earthquake, And the earth discharges its burdens, And man says, "What is [wrong] with it?" -That Day, it will report its news, Because your Lord has commanded it. That Day, the people will depart separated [into categories] to be shown [the result of] their deeds. So whoever does an atom's weight of good will see it, And whoever does an atom's weight of evil will see it.

To the dead ancestors one usually says prayers in the eve of Monday and Friday. The things one prayed and forgave, would be given (handed) to the dead in the next world. According to folk belief the thing one prayed is rolling down a large hill into the valley, like haystack carried by wind, where souls of the dead eagerly watch and wait if they will receive hedija from their loved ones. According to this description we get the idea of how people imagines the afterlife to be, at least the one which is reserved of sinful souls, which somewhat corresponds with the notion of hell which is located in a deep abyss. In the folk perception souls are trapped inside a space surrounded by tall mountains and hills, from which there is no escape. In that space they are treated as prisoners, which is after all confirmed by the belief of delivering the prayer.
That's why we need to conclude that in Bosnian traditions afterlife, especially hell, does not start and finish by the fall into the fire, instead through hell there are various scenes of torture and abuse of sinful souls. People claim that, for example, a woman which had an abortion or in some other way killed its child will be doomed to run madly after a small bird trying to unsuccessfully catch it. Bird as the personification of the soul is present in Bosnian mythology through the mysterious bird Meknjača or bird Plačo.
All evil which a person did during his life will come to the fore in the afterlife, where evil deeds are emphasized to the degree where they become absolute, so that the soul directly and brutally faces its sins.
Suffering of sinful souls, according to Bosnian folk, stop only five times a day, while the Imam is uttering the Azzan (call to prayer). That's why farmers in the past would stop their field work when they would hear Azzan, because the living also need rest at that moment, empathising with the sorrows of those which serve them in hell and at the same time that short period should be moments of reflection and warning that they shouldn't sin and be bad people.

Bogomil doctrine on the migration of the soul

Furthermore traditional beliefs of our ancestors have a very strong impact on the century long spiritual reflections therefore we shouldn't disregard if we wish to get an overall impression.  

Remnants of the old Illyrian-Bogomil beliefs are still present in tradition of Bosnian people therefore we come across folk notions which are complete opposites of what the Islamic tradition teaches. According to sayings of the older population souls of people that committed grievous sins during their lifetime, tortured and killed innocent, will not end up in hell but will be reborn in a body of an animal, usually domestic, such as a horse, cow, pig. in order to serve people and to amend their evils. The worst punishment, it is believed, is to be born in the body of a swine, since it is considered to be, because of its filth and tendency to eat its young, a demonic animal. That's why the human soul rarely frees itself of that damned form.

This belief of our people has spawned some humane habits towards animals, especially towards dogs, which is proven by some written records. In the past people from Sarajevo were prone to feeding stray dogs out of fear that some of them might harbour human souls. Still today it is considered to be a good dead to feed a bitch that just had puppies, Antun Hangi also wrote about this in his work on the life of Bosniaks. Belief  that the human soul is inside animals, especially domestic, is evidenced by traditional warning statement: "An animal doesn't know how to forgive!" This suggested that humans should treat animals correctly and with care "since you never know which one of them is harbouring a human soul!"

White colour - symbol of sorrow

While mourning a dead family member, women avoided wearing red coloured clothes, white clothes was worn exclusively. Black was never worn since it was considered a sin. Women would, equally, take off all the jewellery and wouldn't wear it for the next 40 days, and some didn't wear jewellery for a year or two. During the time of mourning none of the family members can organize a wedding or goes to one if invited; there is no singing and no joy. During Eid a ram is sacrificed for the soul of the deceased. If the deceased appointed by his will for a ram to be slaughtered, then all the meat needs to be given to the poor, while in other instances only the blood goes for his soul, and the meat can be eaten by the members of the household. There was a custom in Sarajevo that the left side of the sacrifice is distributed to the poor and the right is left to the family. In Jajce on the eve of Eid, halvah and bread were distributed for the "soul of the dead". In Bihać on the eve of both Eid's people would bring halvah and pies in front of the mosque, they would be then distributed to the children "for the soul of the deceased". For the forgiveness of the sins of the deceased it was customary to distribute "čagate" (kefaret) i.e. money wrapped in paper with which a person can provide a meal for themselves.Čagete was distributed during the first seven days after the funeral, seven čageta for seven poorest households in the neighbourhood or for forty days.
Karl Steiner, doctor from Ljubinja, in his work Bosnian folk medicine, notes that Bosniaks do not consider as something horrible, instead every Friday, and often other days, they gladly gather in graveyards for conversation and rest, which the author considers as proof of great respect towards their ancestors. The interesting thing is that the author highlights that there is no sorrowful mood with the gathered people, instead everyone is feeling relaxed and especially with the young. Bosniaks even have a very special custom to make small dents on the gravestones in order to gather rain water for the birds but also leave food for them .
Connecting birds with the dead i.e. graveyards is not a coincidence since the bird besides being a mythological personification in Bosnia of the soul, her symbolism is much greater and leads us to the Illyrian religious belief in which birds which pulled carriages of the sun god, are mentioned, the same god which is born each day in the "east" and dies in the "west". It is obvious that are ancestors considered birds as souls, holly animals, which has a foothold in Bogomil teachings that it is a deadly sin to kill animals and especially birds and to destroy their eggs.
Respect towards the dead is an integral part of Bosnian spiritual tradition since the old days. Passing by graveyards old people still today preserved a habit to utter El-Fatiha for the dead; first for god's messenger Muhammad, then for the deceased and in the end for all of the dead.

How homosexualism was created in the Balkans

It is known from history that the ancient Greeks were a people which valued bisexuality and anal sex, which was later adopted by the Romans. This resulted in a large number of Greeks enjoying in same sex relationships openly and without prejudice. It is interesting that Herodotus in his public address in the Athenian Agora, where he openly spoke about the hatred towards the Mesopotamia's civilization, skilfully avoided to mention that the Greeks offered their young for sexual services to the Persians" Greek people did not find this act humiliating for their national pride, in fact, they represented it as their civilizations reach?! This trend was taken over by the Romans, and during the time of the Roman Empire there was a rule that every prominent and married Roman which cared about himself and his reputation, had a young lover.

Serbs because of the made up stories and thesis about their national origin, which range from them being direct descendants of Jesus Christ all to the theories of them coming from Atlantis or even space, made them a target of laughter and mockery by the neighbouring countries for decades. But, there are interesting details about this people which they are trying to hide or which they do not want to be presented to the wider public since, allegedly, seriously damages their reputation?! When we take into consideration that they are the people that committed genocide and lead the aggression on four neighbouring countries in the last decade of the twentieth century and performed ethnic cleansing, it is difficult to speak of any sort of reputation. But, lets return to a historical and documented fact which reveals how Serbs, along with the Greek and the Romans, are originators of homosexualism in this part of Europe.

Serbian historian and ethnologist Milenko F. Filipović about the traditional habits of the Serbs towards homosexualism writes the following: "Particular part of male dress among the orthodox members (for the others I couldn't gather information) until about 1800 was "nakurnjak" (loin cloth). There was a custom that the bride among her items brings a loin cloth for the groom. Loin cloths were woven and worn when people went from Visoko to work as hired coachmen. It was worn to protect the scrotum and penis from the cold. If someone would have urine frozen in his penis because he was not wearing a loin cloth, from that accident, which was followed by great pain, one would be saved if someone would suck his penis or in Serbian - "izdoji" ledenicu (suckling icicle). From the book "Life and folk customs in Visočka nahija" page 60.

Bosanski teritorij na karti o periodu iz 7. vijeka prije nove ere!

Karta Bosanskog tla iz 7 vijeka prije pojave Ise – Isusa Hrista, objavljena je u okviru kulturološkog predstavljanja Evrope, izdanje Francuske Nacionalne biblioteke u Atlasu “EVROPA KROZ VIJEKOVE”. Na vrhu lijevo, ove karte, stoji “ALTERE EISENZEIT 700 – 450 v. Chr.” Sami natpisi su starog Duch jezika, staronjemačkog – mada se danas ova dva jezika, Duch i Deutsch, dobro razlikuju radi pretrpljene modernizacije Njemačkog jezika. Teritorija Bosne označena je natpisom “BOSNISCHE” i zahvata geografsko područje od Jadranskog mora pa do u dubinu kopna dijelova današnjih drzava Bosne, Hrvatske, Srbije i dijelove teritorije Crne gore. Ako ovu kartu usporedimo sa kartom lokacija otkrivenih stećaka, one se potpuno podudaraju. Još je nešto veoma interesantno. U susjedstvu se pojavljuju natpisi Illyici, Hallstatty, Kullur.
U vrijeme kad povampirene snage, kako vanjskog neprijatelja tako i unutrašnjih izdajnika, nastoje da realizuju, na lažima strpljivo ispredanu, historiju Bosne zapjenjenih mučkova raznoraznih akademskih znanja, a posebno uljuljkanih lažohistoričara, u lice im bacamo ovaj dokument. Dokaz i izazov.

Kartu koja dokazuje da Bosna živi preko 2700 godina ili 27 vjekova. Pileći mozgovi skloni prepisivačinama domaćih zadataka i izvrtanjima napisanih nagađanja prema ćeifu naručioca, kitili su se oreolima znanstvenika ili neprikosnovenih akademskih veličina. Ogledalo istine pokazuje i dokazuje njihov karakter i suštinu.
Ko je rođen, živio i živi na Bosanskom tlu? Doseljenici, varvari, lažovi, krivotvorci, krivokletnici – ili Bosanski narod! Iako genetika dokazuje da se Bosanski čovjek razlikuje od izmišljenih nadrinaroda, laži i zataškavanja imaju za cilj sakriti istinu. Bez obzira čime se laz služila, ona je nemoćna pred istinom.
Lahko je ubijediti neuka Balkanca da je “sir nastao od snijega”, ali je teško sakriti tu laž od onih koji se drže prirodnih zakona i logički postavljaju pitanja ne mireći se sa tabu temama. Zakon materije i energije izrečen riječima “sve to što jeste, što je bilo kada bilo, ili što će bilo kada biti – nije nastalo iz ništa. Niti to što jeste, može da se pretvori u ništa”, zasvrbi žednog znanja i prirodno logičnog objašnjenja.
Bosna, geografski smještena kao raskrsnica puteva ali poprište borbe različitih kultura, ideologija, vjera, ekonomskih i vojnih sila, kroz svoju dugu historiju paljena, pljačkana, osvajana ali nikad porobljena, pretrpila je ogromne i neprocjenjive materijalne, kulturne i historijske štete. Iz nje su nosili historijsku i kulturnu baštinu šakom i kapom, osvajači, prijatelji i komšije. Iza sebe su ostavljali krvavu zemlju, pustoš i laž.
Upravo na tim lažima, vjekovima je pisana historijska priča, prema željama i apetitima naručilaca. a kako to vjernici kažu da zadovolje svoju dušu, “Bog je bio uvijek na strani istine i pravde”, tako su i dokazi o Bosni strpljivo poput stećaka čekali svoje vrijeme istine.

Istina o Bosni tek se počinje obznanjivati. Fascinantna i neprikosnovena. Počev od revolucionarnog otkrića Bosanskih piramida do obznanjivanja karte o postojanju “termina i teritorije” Bosne. Ono što je posebno interesantno, ova karta objavljena je u zemlji koja se nije pokazala baš kao veliki prijatelj Bosne i Bosanaca, ali je nemoćna da prikrije istinu kako zbog same sebe, tako i zbog drugih oko sebe.
Senad Sprečić

Pokrenimo inicijativu da Srebrenica postane distrikt!

Predlažem da se pokrene inicijativa da Srebrenica postane distrikt, posebno sada kada je Amerika donijela rezoluciju o genocidu kao i Europa. Sada je pravi trenutak, posebno zato što je to sveto mjesto stalno pod prijetnjom Dodika o nekakvom referendumu o ocjepljenju. Mada je nešto takvo tehnički nemoguće jer republika srpska postoji samo u sastavu BiH, treba iskoristiti Dodikove prijetnje protiv njega. Ko mu je kriv kad stalno priča gluposti. Srebrenica ne može i ne smije biti pod nadzorom upravo onih koji su je načinili mjestom najvećeg genocida nakon Drugog svjetskog rata.

Vučić napadnut, pa šta onda?

Danas se desila sasvim normalna reakcija u Potočarima, kada je došao predstavnik svinja koje negiraju genocid u Srebrenici kao i agresiju na BiH. I zamislite, umjesto da se postidi i kaže: "Zaslužio sam ja i gore, jer mi smo bili nemilosrdni prema Bošnjacima koje smo bjesomučno ubijali" on ti glumi žrtvu?! Da su tad ovako četnici bili nježni kao tratičnice ne bi se etničko čišćenje ni desilo. Dok god Srbija ne plati ratnu odštetu BiH, dok se god ne pohvataju i zatvore svi ratni zločinci, dok postoji Dodik i njemu slični neće biti ni pravde ni mira. Srbija treba puno toga uraditi ako želi dobre odnose sa vlastima u Sarajevu i općenito bosanskim narodom. Zato je svako pričanje o nekakvom pomirenju i pružanju ruke bezvrijedno laprdanje za javnost. Još uvijek nema od Srbije ni iskrenosti ni kajanja. Zato je najbolje Srebrenicu proglasiti distriktom i iz nje udaljiti one koji su krivi za genocid. To bi bio prvi korak ka normalizaciji odnosa. A nakon njega treba još napraviti koraka uz dužno poštovanje prema bosanskom narodu koji je bio najveća žrtva projekta Velika Srbija.

Srebrenica 1995 - 2015

Srbi, vi ste zvijeri, neljudi, čudovišta, monstrumi.... Kako god da vas nazovem premalo je i nedovoljno da vas opišem. Vas, gnjusne spodobe, koje je izrodila majka svinja negdje u bespućima Karpata i koje su neki gospodari doveli kao roblje na Balkan. Prokleti bili i oni i vi!! Prokleti koji vas dovedoše i zauvijek zatrovaše vašim robovskim primitivizmom i mržnjom prema svemu. Proklete bile i Osmanlije što vas sve ne istrijebiše i tako ne spasiše druge od vaše zlobe i otrova. Proklet bio i Gavrilo Princip, taj terorista, koji je glavni krivac za početak Prvog svjetskog rata, za milione mrtvih. Prokleti bili, progutao vas mrak, pojeli vas ti vaši demoni koji ste puni, vi djeco svinje, vratite se u pakao iz kojeg ste došli!!!

Danas je 20 godina od genocida u Srebrenici. Zamislite koliko je u jednoj godini dana i noći, i onda pomislite koliko dana i noći majke Srebrenice plaču, pate, umiru.

Zamislite osjećaj kad više ne možeš ni plakati a bol nije prošao, tu je u grudima, ta bolna praznina koja ti ne dopušta ni da pravilno dišeš.

Takva vam je bol svih bošnjački majki, supruga, braće, djece kojima je četnička pogan oduzela najmilije. Došli su iz Srbije, Crne Gore, Hrvatske, ko zna više odakle, da ubijaju i muče narod po Bosni. Niko ih nije zvao, sami su došli povedeni izjavom Radovana Karadžića, tog povampirenog luđaka, "kako će muslimani nestati u Bosni". Izrekao je to početkom te 1992.godine u Skupštini BiH znajući već unaprijed kako je plan agresije i etničkog čišćenja bio davno pripremljen u Beogradu. Prvo su napali Hrvatsku kako bi zauzeli svu teritoriju oko Bosne i Hercegovine, uz njenu granicu, i stvorili uslove za veliko etničko čišćenje. Sjetimo se, u početku su govorili Srpska republika Bosna i Hercegovina. Kako se to može nazivati srpskom republikom kad taj narod nije nikad bio većina u njoj, osim ako se ne misli etničkim čišćenjem i genocidom upravo to napraviti?

I onda je počelo. Spisak je dug: Zvornik, Bratunac, Bijeljina, Višegrad, Foča, Sarajevo, Brčko, Bihać, Prijedor.... Spisak je dug i prepun ubijanja, mučenja, silovanja, osakaćivanja, pljačkanja. Sve su to oni radili, bez imalo ljudskosti i obzira. Sa puno mržnje, uvjereni da imaju pravo na to. A onda, između svih tih užasa i nezamislive patnje, desila se Srebrenica. Tu nije ubijeno samo preko 8.000 Bošnjaka. Ne, tu je ubijena svaka nada za mir, oprost, nadu. Tu je ubijena cijela Europa jer nakon tog genocida povijest Europe se izmjenila. Tu je ponovo oživio nacizam, ovaj put onih balkanski nacista, koji su sami sebe prozvali nebeskim narodom, baš kao i nacisti, i koji su zbog svojih halucinacija ubijali druge. Sjetimo se izjave " za jednog ubijenog Srbina ubiti sto Bošnjaka!" Zar to nije bila i Hitlerova naredba?! Da, to su nacisti, to je ona svastika, onaj kukasti križ, koji se samo malo promjenio u četiri slova S, ali neodoljivo podsjeća na svastiku. Sve je to isto. Srbi, to su balkanski nacisti, Beograd je Berlin, leglo zla i nacizma. Previše je sličnosti da bi se moglo ignorirati.

Sjetimo se, bar danas, balkanski nacizam nije mrtav! On još uvijek postoji u onim retardiranim pokretima sa tri prsta koja zapravo predstavljaju svinjsku šapu, jer oni su djeca svinje, koja čak i ispuštaju životinjske zvukove kroz ono breeeee. Da, svaki put kad čujete to kozje breketanje znajte da su upravo ti ubijali po Bosni. I da su ti naši vječni neprijatelji. Nikad oprostiti a kad tad vratiti! Vječna slava domovini Bosni i vječni mir majci Srebrenici!

Srebrenica 2015 - put bola i ponosa

Dvadeset godina tuge... Čije to srce može podnijeti? Koliko moraš biti hrabar, koliko moraš biti jak da samo dišeš u svom tom bolu. Kada upitate neku majku iz Srebrenice "Kako si?", skoro svaka kaže:" Još uvijek dišem!" O Srebrenici će se govoriti i pisati decenijama. To je užas koji se ne može nikada ispričati do kraja. I kada jednog dana polože zadnji žrtvu genocida u mezar, ništa se neće promjeniti. Jer, previše boli! I neće biti mira ni spokoja dok se ne desi pravda, onoliko koliko je to moguće.

Svake godine oni koji su preživjeli agresiju, etničko čišćenje i genocid doživljavaju još jednu agresiju, još jedan genocid, ovaj put njihovog ponosa i duše, jer isti oni koji su ubijali i sprovodili zločine po Bosni i Srebrenici pokušavaju osporiti svoja zvjerstva. Dok su klali, ubijali, silovali po BiH bili su to veliki Srbi, nebeski narod, četnici od rođenja, uz parolu "i Bog je Srbin!", ponosili su se svakim novim zločinom koji su činili danima, sedmicama, mjesecima, godinama po Bosni. Da, dobro ste pročitali - dičili su se opisima koji je od njih ubio više bosanske djece, nevine mladeži, koji je od njih silovao djevojčicu, djevojku, nečiju kčerku, sestru, majku... Danas ti neljudi, te zvijeri, izopačeni umovi odjednom prestali su biti veliki Srbi i veliki ratnici te postali ono što su uvijek bili - kukavice, ljudski otpad i lažovi.

Pravi ratnici diče se svojim djelima, pa makar ona bila i zlodjela, i ne kriju se iza laži i nemaju iznenadnu amneziju. Danas nas isti ti krvnici źele uvjeriti kako su oni žrtve, a da su se Bošnjaci u Srebrenici sami međusobno poubijali. Za njih ne postoji genocid jer valjda po srpskom shvatanju da su uspijeli pobiti sve Bošnjake onda bi se to mogao zvati genocidom. Toliko zla u jednom narodu nije viđeno čak ni kod nacista koji su, nakon genocida nad Židovima, uvidjeli i priznali zlo koje su uradili. Ali ovi balkanski nacisti ni nakon dvadeset godina ne mogu pogledati istini u oči. A zašto? Zato što ako priznaju sami sebi šta su bili u stanju učiniti nevinom narodu morat će priznati sebi da su neljudi, zvijeri u ljudskom obličju. No, koliko se god trudili ne mogu pobjeći od toga, jer krv Srebrenice i krv Bosne tamna je sjena nad njima.

Iza svake Fatihe za mrtve u Srebrenici, iza svake suze za ubijanim po BiH treba dodati: "Srbi, prokleti bili, prokleti bili dok postojite! Nema oprosta za vas! Dabogda se raspadali, dabogda vam Srebrenica bila u kući, dabogda vas vaše zlo ubilo!"

Ni Bog nema milosti prema onima koji ubijaju nevine, bespomoćne, zato ih kunite i proklinjite svaki dan. Bog čuje i Bog će ispuniti našu molbu.

Duh, duša i smrt u bosanskoj tradiciji

Smrt, koja predstavlja kraj života, vjerovatno je glavni „krivac“ zbog čega se kod ljudske civilizacije pojavila potreba za vjerovanjem u nadnaravno. Neobjašnjiv strah od tog čudnog stanja, i općenito panika od nestanka, kod ljudi na cijeloj zemaljskoj kugli stvarala je od najranijeg vremena frustraciju i vječno pitanje - zašto se rađamo i umiremo? Iako ni danas ne znamo odgovor na to pitanje, ipak smo se kao civilizacija potrudili ispuniti svijet oko sebe mnogim stvarima kako bi u svoje kaotično okruženje unijeli neki red i time svemu dali određeni smisao.
Zbog toga čovjek izmišlja religiju, njegova neobuzdana mašta stvara veliki broj nadnaravnih bića koja ga okružuju, i unatoč mnogim ljudskim karakteristikama, ipak u sebi imaju određenu uzvišenost koja ih dijeli i razlikuje od svijeta ljudi. Kroz vijekove religija doživljava svoj stalni trend, nadograđuje se, prilagođava ljudskom napretku i napokon u starom Iranu dobija svoje današnje lice kroz dualizam perzijanca Manesa te proroka Zaratustre, na čijim se načelima rađa monoteizam – pravac koji nas pokušava uvjeriti u apsurd odnosno kako je moguće da u univerzumu postoje dva načela – dobro i zlo, ali da je samo jedno načelo glavno a drugo manje bitno?!
Zbog takve pogrešne religijske ideje u Bosni i Hercegovini oko desetog vijeka, a vjerovatno i mnogo prije, munjevito se širi revolucionarni religijski pravac koji ozbiljno narušava tvrdu kršćansku doktrinu, on propagira da svijetom, ali i univerzumom, vladaju dva ravnopravna božanstva između koji egzistira čovjek i njegova primarna duhovna misija da očisti svoju dušu od grijeha i, nakon smrti, vrati je na nebo. Takva tvrdnja je prilično racionalna, ukoliko uzmemo u obzir definiciju da je prema principima kvantne fizike sva materija ustvari zbijena energija te da smo upravo zbog toga svi mi energetska bića ili bića svjetlosti, na što nas upućuje tradicijsko vjerovanje u duh i dušu, koje posjeduje svaki čovjek.
No, da bi umrli moramo se roditi, osjetiti život bar na trenutak, kako bi naš duh i naša duša mogli postići svoju ravnotežu, jer bez toga poravnavanja sa dva univerzalna načela, ili sa dva božanstva naših predaka Bogumila, ne možemo se upustiti u avanturu zvanu smrt. Narodna mudrost tvrdi da je duh predstavnik boga zla a duša, čista i sveta, zastupa boga dobra u nama. Dok duh ima mogućnost da uglavnom noću, dok čovjek spava, iziđe iz tijela i putuje svijetom ali i izvodi neke čudne, često i loše stvari, i dovodi nas u razna iskušenja, duša je čvrsto fiksirana za ljudsko tijelo i nema mogućnost izlaska iz njega sve dok ne nastupi smrt.

Duh

Duh i duša kao dva apstraktna pojma zapravo su temeljna okosnica cijele duhovne niti koja se provlači kroz ljudski rod od njegovog postanka. U bosanskim mitološkim vjerovanjima izuzetno je dominantna ideja sličnog, skoro identičnog, prikazivanja nekoliko nadnaravnih aspekata samog čovjeka. Naime, kada analiziramo neke segmente tradicionalnih predstava o ljudskom duhu i duši, koji se često dovoljno ne razliku u narodnim predajama pa izazivaju konfuziju, jasno se uočava pomalo divlja narav onoga što prema mitološkoj predodžbi čini samu esenciju svakog čovjeka.
Dok se u klasičnoj europskoj mitologiji duh, ali i duša, predstavljaju prozračnim bijelim siluetama, koje u ljudskom obliku lebde zrakom ili se naglo pojavljuju i nestaju, u bosanskoj predstavi duh najviše podsjeća na energetsku lopticu čiji oblik ima zapanjujuću sličnost sa mišom. Pojedine mitološke predaje izgled duše opisuju kao “plod jabuke” odnosno takav opis nas zapravo i asocira na svjetlosnu lopticu koja izlazi iz rupe (usta) i kreće se brzim koracima po površini, ispuštajući zvukove slične ciktanju miša. Ovakvom usporedbom stiče se dojam kako je ta energija nemirna i nervozna, odnosno neobuzdana, što dokazuje i svojim izlascima iz ljudskog tijela.



Miš nije nimalo slučajno izabran za životinju totema jer se koristi i pri opisima drugih nadnaravnih zbivanja, usko povezanih sa samim čovjekom. Neki od primjera su sljedeći:
Miš je u narodnoj priči o Nojinoj Arki izuzetno negativan lik koji je htio grizući rupu u podu pustiti vodu unutra i tako uništiti sav živi svijet. U toj bi namjeri sigurno i uspio da ga na vrijeme nije spriječila zmija. Zapravo, miš je inkarnacija zla, demon koji teži uništenju čovječanstva.
Snijet, koja se u mitologiji BiH smatra plodom zmajskog općenja sa ženom, opisuje se kao malo dlakavo stvorenje, najsličnije krtici ili mišu, koje čim iziđe iz žene bježi i cikti, penjući se čak i po zidovima sobe u strahu da ga ne dotakne ljudska ruka, ili još gore, da ga prisutne žene ne ubiju metlom.
U egzorcističkim seansama bosanskih derviša i hodža, u ritualu poznatom pod nazivom “skupljanje daire”, finalni znak uspješne izvedbe, obično izlječenja nekog psihički oboljelog čovjeka, jeste obješeni ili mrtvi miš na obližnjoj ćupriji. Time se od strane džina ljudima signalizira da je džin-napadač kažnjen najgorom mogućom kaznom.

Sveprisutna bogumilska tradicija

Ljudski duh je vrlo nemiran. Kada čovjek spava duh iziđe iz njega i onda šeta. Čovjek sanja kuda duh prolazi, a kada se on vrati u tijelo, od tog energetskog naboja čovjek se naglo probudi. Duh se u bosanskoj mitologiji opisuje kao eterična pojava koja skiči. Kao i za dušu i za ljudski duh most predstavlja vrlo snažnu barijeru i onemogućava mu daljnje kretanje, naime, čim u svojim noćnim putovanjima duh naiđe na most on ne može da ga pređe, pa se uznemiri i cikti, vrišti. Kada bi neko uhvatio tog miša od ljudi, onaj spavač čiji je to duh odmah bi umro. 

Most u mitološkoj predstavi bosanskog naroda predstavlja energetski vrlo jako mjesto, koje osim što spaja dvije obale na materijalnom nivou, na onom duhovnom ima značenje spiritualnog portala kroz koji duša prolazi ili stradava na svom putu.

Prema vjerovanju iz sjeverozapadnog dijela BiH naročito je nemiran dječiji duh, baš poput samog djeteta nemiran je i vječito raspoložen za pokret i igru. Svjesne toga i danas stare žene upozoravaju mlade majke kada premještaju usnulo dijete sa jednog mjesta na drugo ili ga bude da to učine krajnje pažljivo, zovući ga po imenu te povuku malo za vrh nosa. Ako se dijete teže budi onda skupe usne i povuku zrak u sebe imitirajući zvuk miša (ccccc) kako bi tim zvukom privukle pažnju odlutalom duhu i natjerale ga na povratak u tijelo. U protivnom, ako bi se dijete probudilo a duh se nije vratio riskiralo bi da oboli fizički i psihički.

I za odraslu osobu se tvrdi da se ne smije naglo probuditi, jer njen duh je negdje daleko, putuje po cijelom svijetu. Navodno bi takav čovjek mogao fizički napasti, početi udarati, onog ko ga budi u to nezgodno vrijeme. U tom slučaju potrebno je dotičnu osobu odvesti na ono mjesto gdje je spavala, da opet tu legne, i ostane tako sve dok se sama ne probudi. Ako se tako ne napravi, vjeruje se, da bi ta osoba mogla imati psihičkih problema sve do kraja svog života.

Kako se u bosanskom narodu pripovijeda, prema bogumilskom načelu, ljudski duh pripada bogu zla a duša bogu dobra. Zbog toga se misli da vještice i čarobnjaci, da bi se uopće mogli baviti magijom i vladati nevidljivim silama, moraju svoju dušu predati Iblisu ili nekom drugom rangiranom džinu. To urade ritualnim putem, najčešće odnošenjem svete knjige Kur'an u toalet i vršeći nuždu nad njom. Zbog toga je duša svjesno razmjenjena za određenu moć zarobljena i više ne pripada onom čovjeku u kojem je već vladaru tame.

Nakon takvog dešavanja, i narušene ravnoteže dobra i zla, ljudski duh u tijelu vještice ili čarobnjaka postaje izrazito moćan ali i zloban te u stanju činiti razna nedjela. Dok vještica spava, iz nje iziđe duh, a tijelo joj dobije plavu boju i postane hladno, baš kao da je umrla, što je posljedica zarobljene duše. Usta joj se jako otvore a usne dobiju crnu boju.

Smatra se da je i duh običnog čovjeka sposoban u svojim noćnim lutanjima po svijetu činiti neke loše stvari, poput da napadne nekoga koga putem susretne ali i ovaj duh, kao i vještičiji, izbjegava prelazak preko bilo kojeg mosta na koji naiđe na svom putu.

Slično vjerovanje postoji i u iransko-arapskom okultizmu gdje se tvrdi da svaki čovjek posjeduje svog astralnog dvojnika. Haamzad ili Qarin je naziv džina koji prati stalno prati čovjeka i pokušava na razne načine negativno utjecati na njegovu svijest i ponašanje. Qarin je jedini džin koji se ne može uništiti egzorcizmom ili na neki drugi način.

 

Duša povezana sa halalom

Duša je nositelj ljudske sudbine. U BiH se vjeruje da Allah u prvi 40 dana od začeća u majčinoj utrobi odredi kakva će mu biti sudbina i život tog djeteta odnosno budućeg čovjeka. Zbog toga se i smatra da tek onda kada duša uđe u embrion on se može razviti u fetus i početi sa svojim formiranjem.

Kada je neki čovjek teško bolestan dolaze mu rođaci i komšije da se sa njim oproste – halale, kako bi mu se olakšale samrtne muke. Oprost je vrlo važan segment islamske tradicije, kojim se pokazuje milosrđe ali i osigurava lakši izlazak duši iz tijela. Naime, onaj bolesnik kojem neko kome je on u životu naudio neće to da oprosti, vjeruje se, umire uz velike muke i bolove. Njegovi roditelji, ukoliko su živi, treba da se nad njim oproste i time utješe bolesnika u njegovim zadnjim trenucima.

Koliko je halal nophodan za spokoj duše najbolje opisuje i narodna pjesma. Zaova umirući prokune nevjestu Alibegovicu. Dođe vrijeme da i nevjesta umre, ali se ne može sa dušom rastaviti, zato zamoli da je nose u turbe zaovi:

Kad su bili na domak turbeta,
iz turbeta sitan avaz dođe:
prokletinju ne nosite amo,
dok je dosta ne ubije jada!

Nosili je u goru, gora je nije primala, nosili je u vodu, voda je iz sebe izmetala. Pa opet je donesu zaovi. Čim joj zaova halali, odmah se sa dušom rastavi. Koliko Bošnjaci do halala drže, svjedoči široko rasporstranjen adet da onaj kome neko učini nepravdu kaže: „umrijet ću, halalit ti neću!“

Bosanski narod vjeruje da je oslobođen svih grijehova onaj ko umre uoči petka ili na Bajram, jer tada, vjeruje se, umiru samo plemenite osobe. Predznaka smrti je mnogo. U Velikoj Kladuši se vjeruje da kada star čovjek počne biti prljav, više ne pazi na osobnu higijenu, ili mu neko omiljeno jelo ili piće postane mrsko, vjeruje se, da mu se približila smrt. Isto tako, narod veliko povjerenje pridaje i tumačenju snova jer kroz njih se može predvidjeti skora smrt neke osobe. U snu vaditi zub i pri tom osjetiti bol, znak je smrti u kući, a ukoliko se bol ne osjeti onda će se smrt desiti u široj rodbini. Ne smatra se povoljnim u snu orati ili kopati i, općenito, prevrtati zemlju, ili u snu vidjeti da je zemlja puknula, raspukla se na nekom mjestu, pošto sve to najavljuje smrt u familiji. Isto značenje ima u snu utonuo temelj kuće ili pali rogovi (grede) sa krova. Takvi se snovi nerado govore i otkrivaju zbog straha da se ne ostvare. Najčešće se kao kontra mjera govori:” San je laža a Bog je istina” ili, pak, “Hej, vala, neka je, hvala Allahu!”

 

Azrail

Prema tradicionalnom vjerovanju duša i tijelo u toku ljudskog života čine cjelinu. Ako duša zauvijek napusti tijelo – nastaje smrt. Tijelo će se sa vremenom raspasti i nestati, a za dušu se vjeruje da je vječna i besmrtna. Duša ne može nestati, ali tokom vremena mjenja svoje stanište i odlazi u neki nepoznati svijet koji se naziva Ahiret ili drugi svijet. 

Duša ne napušta sama tijelo već uvijek intervencijom meleka Azraila koji se u bosanskoj mitologiji zamišlja kao mršav muškarac, sa dugačkim rukama i krilima. Umjesto noktiju ima kandže, kao ptica, kojima čupa ili vadi dušu.
Opće je vjerovanje da duša postepeno izlazi iz tijela, jer je omotana oko svakog zgloba 99 puta, na nos i usta. Samo kod obješenog čovjeka duša ne može da iziđe na ovaj način, već kroz rektum pa se zbog toga uprlja ili onečisti te tako mejitu oteža odlazak na drugi svijet.

Duša napušta tijelo od nogu prema glavi. To vjerovanje ima i racionalno tumačenje jer umirućem najprije pomodre tabani i šake. Na svom putu iz tijela dušu može da uznemiri i zbuni ako je u kući galama i plač pa zato je oduvijek glavno pravilo da oko umirućeg vlada tišina i mir. U protivnom umirući će dugo i bolno umirati. Vjeruje se da isto tako griješni ljudi teško umiru i pred smrt se mnogo muče. Kako bi se ti posljednji trenuci olakšali čovjek se sa kreveta spusti na pod ili na zemlju, na prostrti ćilim, a pri tom neka zdrava osoba treba da ga izuje, da ne bi umro u čarapama, jer bi, u tom slučaju, izgubio vjeru. Ženi se obavezno skine prstenje sa ruku kako bi se olakšao duši izlazak.
Azrail kada iščupa dušu iz insana nosi je na sedmi kat nebeski i predaje je Allahu, gdje ona ostaje do kijametskog dana. Po drugom vjerovanju, melek Azrail vadi dušu iz tijela i time je njegova uloga završena. Odvojena od tijela, duša ostaje tu, u blizini, izvjesno vrijeme. Ona može da prati dešavanja sa njenim tijelom, ali bez ikakvih emocija pošto je izlaskom iz tijela postala oslobođena bilo kakvog osjećaja, u kući, na putu do mezarja a i u samom mezaru.

 

Jesi li musliman?

Kada bi umrli djevojka ili mladić iznad glave bi im se stavljao struk sedefila (ruta graveolens). Prema običaju pored mrtvaca se uvijek stavlja neka biljka upečatljivog mirisa kako bi otjerala džine od njega. Najviše se za tu priliku koristio sedefil, čijim se buketima često kitio mezar djevojke ili momka. Sedefil je, prema tome, biljka posvećena kultu mrtvih u bosanskoj tradiciji.

Čim bi čovjek izdahnuo pravila se „mrtvačka halva“ i dijelila po komšiluku. Potreba da se odlazak njegove duše u zagrobni svijet isprati sa dobrim djelima , kako bi mu se olakšao taj put, naglašena je u prije i nakon dženaze. Upravo zato se pored glave mejita stavljala posuda sa brašnom, ili pšenicom, i u njemu zabodeno nekoliko lojnih svijeća. Sutradan su se svijeće i brašno darivale sirotinji.

Po narodnom shvatanju, mejita treba što prije zakopati u zemlju. Ovisno od slučaja dženaza se obavi istog dana, a ako se smrt desila predvečer ili noću – onda sutradan. Ukoliko je čovjek umro iznenada u svom krevetu, pa ga nisu prije toga stigli spustiti na pod, da tu izdahne, onda to čine nakon što je preminuo. Glava mu se poveže maramom i pritisnu očni kapci, da bi u licu izgledao lijepo. Mrtvac se položi tako da mu je stav tijela ravan a kako bi truplo zadržalo taj položaj nekada je bio običaj da mu se svežu palčevi na nogama, dok na stomak stave neki teži predmet, poput noža, ili busena zemlje, u strahu da se ne bi tijelo mrtvaca nadulo, pošto se to tumačilo da bi se mogao „prikazati“, odnosno – postati lampir. Zbog istog razloga se zatvarala kućna mačka dok ne prođe dženaza, zbog bojazni da ne pređe preko mejita.

Mejita prekriju bijelim čaršafom i pozicioniraju ga tako da mu je desni obraz okrenut u pravcu svetog grada Mekka. Neko od ukućana, ravnim štapom, uzima mjeru mejitu, koja se naziva „unčija“ ili „ulčija“, kako bi se znala dužina za ćefine, mrtvačko platno, i kopanje mezara. Kada se mrtvac ponese iz kuće napolje, onda se jako pazi da slučajno ne bi neki njegov dio zapeo za vrata ili zid, jer ukoliko se to desi, vjeruje se, njegov duh će se vratiti u kuću i uznemiravati ukućane.
Bosanski narod je vjerovao da se i duša može vratiti kući sve dok 40 dana nakon dženaze. Stoga se iz tog razloga palilo svjetlo ili svijeće u onoj sobi gdje je mejit ležao cio taj period, kod bogatiji, a siromašnije familije bi taj ritual prakticirale samo sedam ili tri noći.
Mjesto gdje se mejit okupao prolazilo se sa vatrom, da se ne bi okupljali džini i šejtani, a soba gdje je on ležao prskala bi se vodom ili se opere „da se duša ne bi vratila“. Ako se soba pomela nakon iznošenja mrtvaca tad bi se ta metla bacala daleko od kuće

Nakon što se tijelo mrtvaca opere i svi prisutni, žene i muškarci, halale se, oproste, od mrtvaca truplo se nosi na mezarje gdje se uz molitvu obavi ukop. Vjeruje se kada hodža napusti mezarje, pošto je izgovorio sve pripadajuće sure i dove, duša ostaje u zajednici mrtvih. Zanimljivo je vjerovanje da tom prilikom, kada hodža upita mejita: “Jesi li musliman?” – mejit, u mezaru, cijelo tijelo podigne na mali prst desne ruke i spremno odgovori: “Ja sam musliman!” To čini da bi ga mrtvi primili k sebi. Očigledno je da duša, po vjerovanju, može da oživi tijelo kako bi ono bilo u stanju na taj način se podići.

Most za duše

Ovakvo shvatanje potvrđuje vjerovanje da kad se mejit sahrani njemu u kabur dolaze meleci sudije Azrail i Džibrail. Oni ispituju mrtvaca o dobrim djelima i grijehovima, pa ukoliko je griješan udaraju ga i utuku u zemlju. Narod kazuje kako ga oni mogu utući i utjerati u zemlju do 77 metara dubine. U nekim dijelovima Bosne i Hercegovine vjeruju da je za mejita najgori mogući scenario da bude zakopan u zemlju uoči utorka i subote, jer tada će ga obavezno posjetiti strašni džini zvani suhaladžije, koji mejita tuku i udaraju u mezaru sve dok mu ne smrve sve kosti.

Put sa ovog zemaljskog svijeta vodi do dženeta preko mosta zvanog sirat ćuprija, koja je, prema vjerovanju, “tanja od dlake, oštrija od mača, duga hiljadu kilometara”. Ispod ćuprije je strahovita provalija – džehenem. Tamo gori tako velika i moćna džehenemska vatra da se za nju u bosanskom narodu tvrdi da je toliko vrela i jaka da se nikako ne može usporediti sa našom zemaljskom “jer naša je isprana sa 99 voda”. Navodno, kada bi iz “pakosti” iskočila samo jedna varnica džehenemske vatre cio dunjajluk bi izgorio. Ta vatra zagrijava kotao u kome je neka crna smjesa “kao katran”, koja ključa, a kada u nju griješnici padnu prevrću se kao zrna graha u ključalom loncu.
Duša mejita sporo i dugo prelazi preko mosta (hiljadu kilometara). Taj put čovjek je mogao i da ubrza te svojoj duši olakša ukoliko bi, za života, za kurban zaklao najboljeg, zdravog ovna. Duša ovna – kurbana, vjerovalo se, prenijeće ga preko ćuprije “kao na konju”.



Ovisno od regiona Bosne i Hercegovine, i Sandžaka, narod ima svoja vjerovanja o kretanju duše. Jedan dio vjerovanja govori kako duša mejita nakon sedam dana napušta zemlju, mezarluke, kuću i preko sirat ćuprije natovarena sevapima i haramima nastoji da dođe do blaženog i vječnog života. Vjeruje se da čovjek, prilikom prelaska sirat ćuprije, sevape nosi u desnoj ruci ili na desnom ramenu, a harame na lijevom ramenu ili u lijevoj ruci, koju skriva iza leđa, pa zbog toga ide malo bočno kako bi sudija (Allah) grijehove teže uočio. Isto tako, vjeruje se, da tom prilikom glava mora biti uzdignuta, oči uperene u nebo. Tako da duša ne može ni da vidi kuda staje kad prelazi ćupriju.
Od mnoštvo drugih vjerovanja posebno je interesantno da ako je mejit za života imao seksualne odnose sa tuđom ženom, njena menstrualna krv kapat će mu u usta i on će pasti u džehenem. Istu kaznu doživjet će i onaj ko je pokudio neku djevojku, prekinuo svadbu ili nekoga ubio.

Ljubav - put ka dženetu

Kod Bošnjaka, posebno u sjeverozapadnom dijelu BiH, običaj je da skoro svaka familija ima svoje mezare, koji su često smješteni uz neposrednu blizinu kuće. Postoje dokumentirani zapisi da je bio običaj zakopavanja mrtvih u šumu, bašču ili pod grmljem. Na starim mezarima često se moglo vidjeti, posebno oko Sarajeva, iznad mezara posađeno drvo, tako da je često samo mezarje ličilo na šumu. Ova praksa bila je poznata u cijeloj zemlji. Razlog tomu je bila želja da se mrtvom osiguraju sevapi, naime, ako bi se posadila trešnja njene plodove bi jele ptice takozvana ptičija sadaka, što je trebalo olakšati duši mrtvoga. No, iza toga se vjerovatno krije mnogo dublja tradicija, ona ilirska, posvećena kultu božanstava prirode i plodnosti, Tane i Vidasusa, te bi postupak sađenja drveta pored mrtvaca imalo ulogu dara za drevne bogove, baš kao što je, na primjer, bila praksa ostavljanje dara na izvoru bogu Bindu u svrhu traženja izlječenja.

Za ljude koji šire mržnju i svađu u narodu se kaže da su "džehenemski potpalj", njima se loži i potpaljuje vatra na kojoj gore duše slične njima. Upravo na temelju takvog vjerovanja nastalo je i razmišljanje da među najveće grijehe kojima čovjek sebe može svjesno osuditi na džehenemske vatru jeste ako rastavi dvoje koji se vole, naročito muža i ženu. Taj grijeh se u narodu karakterizira toliko velikim da ga ne može poništiti niti da taj čovjek o svom trošku i svojim rukama sagradi devet džamija. Opet mu, vjeruje se, Allah neće oprostiti grijehe.

Dirljiva narodna pjesma pripovijeda:

Šetala se hazreti Fatime,
po dženetu i po džehenemu,
dženetu je vrata otvorila,
milu majku nije ugledala,
džehenemu vrata otvorila,
majka joj na dnu džehenema.
-“Šta ćeš tuder, moja mila majko?”
-“Ne pitaj me šćeri moja mila,
veliki sam grijeh učinila,
kalemu sam kalem odlomila,
pa sam bistru vodu zamutila;
zavadila momka i djevojku,
za sve bi mi Allah oprostio,
samo neće momka i djevojke…”

Koliko se ljubav među Bošnjacima tradicionalno smatra najplemenitijom i Allahu najdražom pojavom, uz koju pojedinac može steći veliki sevap i sebi otvoriti vrata dženeta, tvrdi vjerovanje koje kaže da ona osoba koja upozna dvoje, pa se oni zaljube i ožene, zaslužio je toliki sevap kod Boga da je oslobođen obaveze da cio život klanja i ide u džamiju.

Džehenem

Dok prelazi preko sirat ćuprije duši se određuje prema njenim nagrada ili kazna. Od velike težine grijeha nesretnik će brzo pasti sa ćuprije u ključali katran. Duše koje su dobre i plemenite, te imaju samim time mnogo sevapa, lako će preći sirat ćupriju i stići u dženet. Međutim, ovo vjerovanje nije jedino kod bosanskog naroda već susrećemo i pomalo drugačije. Kako narod tvrdi duša mejita miruje u mezaru ili na sedmom katu nebesa, sve do kijametskog dana. Tog dana će se sve izravnati, nestat će brda i doline i sve će biti razoreno i uništeno. O tome Časni Kur'an kazuje u suri Ez-Zilzal (Zemljotres):

Kada se Zemlja najžešćim potresom svojim potrese i kada Zemlja izbaci terete svoje, i čovjek uzvikne: „Šta joj je?!“ – tog Dana će ona vijesti svoje kazivati jer će joj Gospodar tvoj narediti. Tog Dana će se ljudi odvojeno pojaviti da im se pokažu djela njihova; onaj ko bude uradio koliko trun dobra – vidjeće ga, a onaj ko bude uradio koliko trun zla – vidjeće ga.

Mrtvim predacima se tradicionalno uče molitve pred dušu ponedjeljkom i petkom. Ono što se proučilo i halalilo, subotom se predavalo (uručivalo) na onom svijetu mrtvima. Po narodnom kazivanju proučeno se kotrlja niz veliko brdo u dolinu, kao plast sijena koji nosi vjetar, gdje duše mrtvih sa nestrpljenjem gledaju i čekaju hoće li dobiti tu duhovnu hediju od svojih najdraži. Po ovom opisu stječe se slika kako narod zamišlja zagrobni svijet, bar onaj koji je rezervisan za griješne duše, što se donekle podudara sa predstavom džehenema koji se nalazi u dubokoj provaliji. U narodnoj predodžbi duše su zarobljene unutar omeđenog prostora, sa visokim planinama i brdima, iz kojeg ne mogu pobjeći. U tom prostoru oni se i tretiraju kao zarobljenici što, između ostalog, potvrđuje i vjerovanje o isporuci molitve.

Zbog toga treba konstatirati kako u bosanskim predajama zagrobni život, naročito džehenemski, ne počinje i ne završava padom u vatru već se kroz džehenem odvijaju razne scene mučenja i zlostavljanja griješnih duša. Narod tvrdi da, na primjer, žena koja je izvršila abortus ili na neki drugi način ubila svoje dijete bit će osuđena da luđački trči za malom pticom neuspješno je želeći uhvatiti. Ptica kao personifikacija duše zastupljena je u bosanskoj mitologiji kroz misterioznu noćnu pticu Meknjaču ili pticu Plačo.

Sve ono zlo što je neki čovjek učinio u toku svog života doći će do izražaja u zagrobnom svijetu, gdje se zlodjela naglašavaju do tog stepena da postaju apsolutna, kako bi se duša direktno i na vrlo surov način suočila sa svojim grijesima.



Muke griješnih duša, prema tvrdnji bosanskog naroda, prestaju samo pet puta u toku dana, i to dok hodža uči Ezan. Zbog toga su seljaci u prošlosti znali prekidati radove u polju, kada bi začuli Ezan, jer tad i živi trebaju odmoriti, suosjećajući sa mukama onih koji ih služe u džehenemu a istovremeno da im to kratko vrijeme budu trenuci razmišljanja i opomene kako ne smiju griješiti i biti loši ljudi.